Micro economic science Chapter 1 1.1 The scarcity principle (also called the no-free-lunch principle). Although we shake up boundless take and wants, the resources available to us are limited. Consequently, having more of one right(a) thing usually means having less of some other. 1.2 The cost- eudaimonia principle. An individual (or a firm, or a society) should undertake a particular achieve if, and only if, the extra benefits of undertaking that action are at least as great as the extra costs. 1.3 economical Surplus is the gain that results from undertaking an action when the benefits outweigh the costs. Simply, it is the unlikeness between the benefit and its cost. Opportunity cost is the value of the next-best secondary to undertaking a particular action. The inducing principle. A soulfulness (or firm, or society) is more (less) likely to undertake an action if its benefit (cost) rises, and less (more) likely to undertake it if its cost (benefit) rises. In short, incentive matter, and rear be powerful in shaping economic choices. Predicting how peoples behaviour will be affected when the incentives they face wobble is the role of positive economic analysis. In contrast, normative economics is concerned with statements about what actions should or ought to be undertaken. 1.
4 A change posture cost is a cost that cannot be recovered at the moment a decision is made. Chapter 2 2.1 The principle of relative advantage is everyone can do better when each somebody (or each country) concentrates on the activities for which their opportunity cost is lowest (or for which they have a comparative advantage) 2.2 Production Possibility Curve (PPC) is a graph that describes the maximum amount of one good that can be produced for every possible level of production for another good. Example: Tom has a comparative advantage in awry(p) because his PPC has a flatter slope on the nuts axis.
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