Nursing Final

Its a beta blocker. Chapter 18- Peripheral Vascular Disorders -Hypertension- BP 140/90. -Hypertensive Crisis- 180/120 -DASH diet- 2,000 calories. 7-8 grains, less than 2 servings of protein Review pages 430- 438 Chapter 29- Urinary System Urinary Tract Infection- 1 Nonsocial infection close to special K location is the bladder (cystitis) Most common upper OUT is kidney and renal pelvis (polytheists) Most common bacteria to source OUT is e-coli Difference in the midst of Cystitis and PolytheistsCystitis- Disarray, urgency, nocturne, Papyri, Hematite Polytheists- equivalent as high schooler up plus flank pain, N-V-D, fever, malaise- Urinary Calculi. Stones made from Ca. Dull, comprehend to severe flank pain. Nausea, vomiting. Gross hematite. Lithography- crushing stones through sound waves clear-sighted Renal Failure. -Rapid onset. Reversible.Most common cause is sashimi (poor perfusion to the kidney) Most common symptom is Algeria ( piddle payoff less than 400 muddy) Hi gh BUN and creating levels scalawag 2 Occurs in 3 stages initiation (up to long time), maintenance phase (up to 2 weeks) and this is here completely the problems occur, and the recovery phase (up to 1 Globetrottings Leading cause of kidney disease and trouble Ca employ by strep (a beta-hemolytic strep) Surrounded by bowmans capsule energise hematite, proteins, hypoglycemia, azotes ( annex Nitrogen) Lasts 10-14 days Nephritis- nephritis is any degenerative disease of the renal tubules.Nephritis can be caused by kidney disease, or it may be secondary to a nonher disorder. It should not be confused with nephritis, where inflammation is implied. Nephritic Syndrome Same as above only when there is a significant loss of protein lost in urine Found in lupus ND those with kidney disorders waken proteins, suffering albumin, high sassingids, and severe edema in face and periodontal ara. Blood clots atomic number 18 common. Urine Dipstick PH 6-6. 5 specific gravity 1. 010-1. 0 25 Everything else is negative in a healthy patient kilobyte formula 3. -5. 2 sodium Normal 135-145 Drugs that lower sodium levels are diuretics, (pep-/ Noreen), decongestants and antithetic medications IV solutions that increase sodium are Nasal Chapter 31- Male Reproductive Tetrahedral resection of the pro sound out (TURN) is a surgical procedure that removes portions of the prostate secreter through the TURN requires no external incision. Pens. A Inserted through the penis and the wire loop is channelize by the surgeon so it can remove carried by changeable the obstructing tissue one piece at a time.The pieces of tissue are into the bladder and flushed out at the end of the procedure. TURN is by and large done to relieve symptoms due to prostate enlargement, often due to sooner enlarged Problems with dribbling. BP. BP is a condition in which the prostate gland may become and cause problems with urination. Symptoms may include getting a urine stream started . Nocturne, urgency, Monitor tort hemorrhage tort the TLS 2 Chapter 32- young-bearing(prenominal) Reproductive Meteorological Bleeding between periods Sign of cervical or uterine cancer Dilation and Curettage (D C) Page 3 cervical canal is scraped 48 hours.Monitor for circulation. head off pillow under legs. Avoid tampons for 2 weeks. Vaginas Fungal (candidates) Protozoan (trice. ) bacteria (grandparent) Chapter 34/35- Endocrine System Biofeedback Mechanisms (3 below) 1) glucose maintenance- interplay between insulin and clangor, pancreatic hormones that release glucose and store glucose, respectively 2) personate temperature maintenance -hypothalamus, nerves, skin, elbow grease glands, earth(beats faster if warm), kidneys -if your temp. Increases due to exercise/warm weather/illness sweating occurs to produce evaporation which leads to feebleing -if your temp. Decreases due to cold weather/organism scared/illness goose bumps (obliteration) occurs, which are thought to be derived from a response that enable the hair to stand on end do more insulation and catch fire 3) fluid maintenance- -kidneys regulate how much fluid is excreted. If you are dehydrated they will produce less urine. If you drink a lot of fluid quickly, then more urine will be excreted Thyroid sits on either position of tracheaIsthmus connects two lobes Needs single to secrete to (thyroxin) and to (trinitrotoluene) that increases metabolism Also secretes calculation that decreases excess calcium levels in the blood Hyperthyroidism excessively much thyroid hormone AS Increased appetite, yet loses freight. If left un loted, will cause cardiac dysphasia and lovingness failure Develops into 2 disorders Graves disease and thyroid crisis Graves disease (goiters expostulates- protruding eyes) Expostulates- protruding eyes Thyroid impel- High fever (102), tachycardia, high blood pressure, restlessness, seizures, delirium- tracheotomy-Will be on lifelong replacement hormones Thyroid state (balan ced hormonal state before surgery) Nursing precautions hemorrhage, respiratory distress, laryngeal nerve damage, tenant, thyroid storm Maxed- form of hypothyroidism Brought on by exposure to cold, infix, temp, trauma, narcotics tranquilizer More sponsor in women AS seizures, lethargy to coma, hypothermia. Respiratory and cardiovascular systems shut down. TX airway, Cardiac function, change magnitude Temperature and HTH levels by getting labyrinthine by IV. Page 4 Cushing Syndrome adrenal cortex produces too much cortical (hormone) or ACTAAS fat deposits in abdomen, clavicle, buffalo hump, round moon face, hirsute ( overweening facial hair) DXL Increase cortical level and elevate 24 hour urine canvass with 17- sisterhoods and 17- horticulturalists. economic crisis potassium, Sodium and glucose levels are also higher. Meds lessoned and acetated are commonly used. Addison ailment suprarenal gland insufficiency AS decrease glorifications, mineralogists, and androgens TX IV fluid s, glucose, An, sociolinguistics, warm and quiet surroundings DXL Decreased levels of cortical, decreased 24 hour urine test with 17- sisterhoods, Potassium is increased, glucose and sodium are decreased.Phosphorescently benign tumor of adrenal medulla Produces excessive amounts of epinephrine and morphogenesis Stimulates the sympathetic nervous system AS BP 200-300/150 +, center of attentioneus HA, profuse sweating, tachycardia, flushing, DXL increased catecholamine levels in the blood or urine, CT scan. Tracheotomy Nursing care stabilize BP Tracheotomy Removal of adrenal gland High risk of Addison crisis or adrenal crisis. Addison Crisis hypertension, rapid weak pulse, organic weakness, confusion, circulating collapse and shock.Dangerously low K+ levels. Diabetes Insipid Results from lack of public address system hormone Two types energetic (damage to pituitary) and nephritic (Kidneys) Risk for hyperthermia sex Polynesia, popularly (5-15 ml. day) urine specific gravity of less than 1. 005, mucous sickish urine, weakens, dehydration, tachycardia, poor skin author, ironic membranes Nursing Care managing fluid and electrolytes, replace DAD. Monitor daily weight. Meds Visionaries (monitor for h/a and abdominal cramps).Ethicize diuretics sodium Chapter 36- Diabetes Normal blood glucose is 70-100. Diagnosing Diabetes plasma glucose level (>200) oral glucose tolerance test (2 hour test, >200) sting blood glucose (8 hour test, > 126) Peripheral Vascular Disease Greater in showcase 2 Atherosclerosis of lower legs Page 5 Leads to gangrene. (Most common cause of amputations) AS hair loss, atrophic skin, cool feet, red- white legs, thick toenails, pain with walking a pulses. ND at rest (usually at night), diminished or absent peripheral Type 1 Diabetes Destruction of beta cells leads to state of absolute insulin deficiency ordinarily occurs in childhood Prone to developing acidosiss Insulin dependent Sex Popularly, Polynesia, polyphonic, weight los s, fatigue, malaise, blurry vision Type 2 Diabetes Sufficient insulin to retard acidosiss, but to lower blood glucose Usually occurs after 30 Most clients are obese Insulin requiring but not dependent Sex Popularly, Polynesia, obesity, recurrent infix, fatigue, blurred vision, parenthesis (numbness and tingling around mouth and hands and feet. DAD 1800 clon food Diabetic Acidosis Occurs in Type 1 diabetes Sex hyperglycemia, dehydration, coma, bbs > 250, stentorian. Metabolic Acidosiss= fruity, alcohol breath Common in those who are undiagnosed. TX fluids, insulin, fudge factor of electrolytes. Unconsciousness patients need 0. 9% practice saline to replace sodium. arising with 0. 9, then 0. 45%. Dextrose is added to prevent hypoglycemia. Exercise Reduces blood glucose by increase glucose use by the muscles. Eat collation before exercising. Avoid exercising if fasting is 250. -Only regular insulin may be given b y the IV route.HAS (Hyperbolas Hyperglycemia State) Occurs i n Type 2 Characterized by severely high glucose ( or ), extreme dehydration, and alter LOC, grand mall seizures. -Differences between DAKAR and HAS Type 1 Lethargy H HAS Type 2 Coma Samuels breaths Rapid, shallow breathing Glucose 250 Glucose 600 *Samuels breathing rapid, deep respiration to prevent decrease in PH. Smoggy Effect Morning rise in glucose after a nighttime hypoglycemia. Sex tenors, night sweats, and restlessness. TX Eat bedtime snack Dawn phenomenon Rise in glucose between 4 am and 8 am.TX increase insulin dose or changing injection time from dinnertime to bedtime Page Hyperglycemia Sex Increased thirst and frequency Diet low carbohydrates and sugar, sufficient hydration, and frequent small meals. Hypoglycemia Sex backpack an emergency snack high in carbohydrates to help raise low blood sugar. People who suck in experienced hypoglycemia in the late(prenominal) should eat meals at regular intervals, avoid excessive alcohol and never drink alcohol on an empty stom ach. Chapter 37- Nervous system cardiovascular Accident- Brain attack or stroke Thrombosis C.V.- Caused by atherosclerosis of arteries.Happens during or after sleep. Embolism C.V.- caused by problems with the heart Hemorrhagic C.V.- caused by hypertension Right Side vs. Left side Effects left side Effects right side Visual Unaware Impulsive conflagrate stroke Speech (Left-Language) Away re Slow, cautious heat cramps, heat syncope (fainting), and heat exhaustion . Nausea, seizures, confusion, disorientation, and sometimes loss of consciousness. Remove any extra clothes. Frost bite Dont put direct heat on it. Wrap in blankets or move to a warmer environment.Chapter 38- interracial Disorders Closed head injuries Coup-contractor- Jerking forward-jerking back Concussion brain lesion resulting trot violent snaking or impact Contusion bleeding into nutty tissue resulting from blunt force Epidural Hematite severe suck to brain causing arterial bleeding between skull and durra mat er. suburbia Hematite injury between durra mater and subtractions layer bactericide Hematite Bleeding into brain caused by gunshot wound or depressed skull fracture- Simple arterial seizure- Jerking of finger, hand, foot, leg and face.Called Jackson March. Sex flashing lights, tingling sensations, or hallucinations. Complex Partial Seizures Sex lip smacking, aimless walking, picking up clothing Absence seizures- In children. void stare. Lasts 5-10 seconds. May be unaware. Tonic-clinic seizures- Adults and children. From trauma. Stages aura, tonic phase, clinic phase, postnatal phase Up to 30 pretermit Page 7 Chapter 39- Neurological and Spinal Multiple sclerosis degenerative disease that damages myelin sheath surrounding axons. label by periods of exacerbation and remissionEffects Women between 20-50 Myelin sheath is the white proceeds in the CONS Put is prone to ITS, pressure ulcers, Joint conjunctures, pneumonia, depression DXL SF (cerebrations fluid analysis). Look fo r Gig. , MR. and CT scan. Parkinson Disease Results from a lack of dopamine 3 cardiac signs tremor, rigidity, braininess. Pill-rolling. Leopard- Used to treat shaking, stiffness, and slow movement Interscholastic- Med for Parkinson Sex dry mouth, orthodontic hypertension, constipation, urinary hesitation, savant dilation, blurred vision, dry eyes, photosensitive, increased heart rate.Anesthesia Gravies Marked by periods of exacerbation and remission Sex eyelid photos (drooping eye), sheepskin (double vision), slurred speech, nasal voice, difficulty chewing or swallowing Face appears to have a snarl or grimace Risk for aspiration and respiratory insufficiency Choleric Crisis caused by taking meds too early. Sex onerous muscle weakness, NV, increased salivation, sweating, brickyard. Anesthetic crisis Caused by taking meds late Sex muscle weakness, inability to speak/swallow, respiratory distress, anxiety Terminal neuralgia Causes pain along both sides of face.Sex periodic, sev ere pain in cheeks, forehead, lips. Triggered by wind, chewing, shaving. Rhizome- surgical severing of a nerve root to control pain. autonomic Dyslexia Effects TO and above. Stimulated by full bladder or faecal impaction. TX Elevate HOB 45 degrees. Check for kinks in catheter. CLC-CA injury puts a person on a ventilator. MONOCOTYLEDON a protrusion of impinges and spinal cord through a defect in the spinal mainstay Chapter 40- Eye Disorders Cataracts Red-reflex (reddish-orange glow in pupil when light hits it) disappears. Intraocular lens is ingrained to focus light and restore vision.Snell Chart Eye chart. Madrigals- med that causes dilation of pupil Page 8 Chapter 43- Musculoskeletal Trauma Mast Suit Used for carcinogenic & hypoglycemic shock in abdominal, pelvic and lower extent Internal (Proportional) trauma Know Diabetes, insulin peak time & preparing, when to administer, Insulin compare Chart Insulin Type Onset Peaks at Ends Working in low gear Occurs at Human ly- (Rapid) 15-20 miss 30-90 miss 3-4 hours 2-4 her Novel- (Rapid) 15-20 miss 40-50 miss 3-4 hours 2-4 her Regular (short)30-60 miss 80-120 miss 4-6 hours 3-7 her NAP (intermediate 2-4 hours 6-10 hours 14-16 hours 6-12 herLandaus (Long) 2-3 hours almost no peak 18-26 hours 4-24 her Oxalate This medication is used to treat a high level of potassium in your blood. Too much potassium in your blood can sometimes cause heart rhythm problems. Sodium polystyrene sultanate works by helping your body get rid of extra potassium. Corticosteroids- from the adrenal cortex . Used to treat purists (itching) and psoriasis, bone cancer, chronic interpolator diseases such as Arthur s Sociolinguistics (creditors) raises blood glucose levels. Mineralogical (lodestone) maintains normal salt and water balance through kidneys.