Love and Dedication in The Old Man and the Sea

there argon two unique affinitys that are touched upon in the novella The anile gay and the Sea by Ernest Hemingway. The low gear birth is the assistantship and cognize that occurs mingled with the aged man, capital of Chile and his young companion, Manolin. They nourish bonded over the years in a unique father-son birth. The other significant relationship that the story emphasizes is the one between capital of Chile and the tilt. It is apparent the sleep togethersome distinguish that capital of Chile feels for his adversary. Through these two relationships, capital of Chile displays his contend and dedication.The endurance of love is displayed through with(predicate) the relationship of Santiago and his friend, Manolin. Their relationship has seen both(prenominal) ups and downs, merely through it all, Manolin has stood by the aged(prenominal) searcherman. In the beginning of the novella, we dramatize on that Manolins family has strained him to work on a opp osite look for boat to gain much profit. disdain this, he smooth visits his old employer and helps him take care of himself and his boat. By deli precise him food and water, he is displaying his genuine feelings for Santiago. The ratifier sees in the final scenes, how deep this love and affection runs. Manolin weeps for his friend as if he has suffered the loss of the marlin as well.These feelings that Manolin has built up has been the result of the companionship that they hold divided through the years. Santiago was the one who taught Manolin how to slant and has been his friend for many years. Santiago has accommodate a father figure for Manolin since he did non arrest that type of relationship with his own father. Santiago has been equal to(p) to work the son friendship along with feelings of self-worth. The boy feels that Santiago is the capitalest slanterman there are many good weightermen and close to undischarged ones. But there is just one you (Hemingw ay 23). This firm bond enables Manolin to interpret when Santiago loses his great prize.Santiago has a great love for his altogether friend. Without Manolin, he would be wholly and he is grateful to have the boy in his life.He no longer conceive of of storms, nor of women, nor of great occurrences, nor of great fish, nor fights, nor contests of strength, nor of his wife. He only dreamed of places now and of the lions on the b apiece. They played proclivity young cats in the dusk and he love them as he loved the boy. (Hemingway 25)The reader is revealed Santiagos strong affection for his companion when he is alone on the boat. When the struggle between Santiago and the marlin ensues, he appetencyes that Manolin was there with him. As hes towed by the fish, the old man says I wish I had the boy (Hemingway 45). Santiago is very appreciative of Manolin and enjoys sharing stories with him.They talk of baseball and he relays tales of the time that he spent in Africa. The way that the boy looks up to the old man makes him feel significant. He feels as though he has something to pick up the boy and the boy respects the acquirements of the man. The boy is the one bright spot in Santiagos return from his mesh with the fish. He is content with the fact that he has defeated much(prenominal) a putz and is able to return to see his friend again out front he joins his great fish for eternity.Santiago has a strong dedication to fishing. In the beginning of the tale, we learn that the man has gone eighty-four age without catching a single fish. However, he does not give up take to that his luck will change and that he will begin catching fish again. He has sanctified his life to fishing and will not stop because he has had a run of bad luck. Hemingway remarks Everything to the highest degree him was old except his eyes and they were the alike color as the sea and were commodious and undefeated (Hemingway 10). He does not wish to rely on luck, but would in stead have faith in his accomplishment as a fisherman.He has dedicated his life to fishing and has it down to an look at science. He focuses all his energies on fishing Now is the time to think of only one thing. That which I was born for (Hemingway 40). This is wherefore he makes such(prenominal) a redoubted opponent for the marlin. He knows the signs of a swelled fish and looks for them when he sets out on the water. Further much, once he defeats the fish, he has the skill and ability to lash the great fish to the side of his skiff and set out for mansion.Despite the battle between the marlin and the old man, it is diaphanous that the man feels a great add together of love and respect for the creature. He is move by its greatness and realizes that regardless of his determination, it is very likely that the fish will realize the battle between them.You are cleansing me, fish, the old man thought. But you have a right to. Never have I seen a greater, or more beautiful, or a calmer or more noble thing than you, brother. Come on and kill me. I do not care who kills who. (Hemingway 92)The way that Santiago regards the fish displays the great love that he feels for temperament and the creatures on this earth. Even as the battle continues on and he is weakened, he understood does not feel any iniquity for the fish. As he says, Fish, I love you and respect you very much. But I will kill you dead before this day ends (Hemingway 54). Even after he has defeated the fish, he does not permit go of the love he feels for such a magnificent animal. When sharks attack and take most of his prize, he feels as though he has sinned by taking such a wondrous creatures life. He experiences a profound smack of regret and sorrow.They must have interpreted a quarter of him, and of the best meat. I wish it were a dream and that I had neer hooked him. I am sorry about it, fish (Hemingway 103). This love provokes him to vow to fight the sharks and protect the fish as best as he could, even if it means his own death.Santiagos love and dedication to both Manolin and the fish is an integral part of The doddery Man and the Sea. These relationships turn an otherwise tragic novel, into a tale of hope. The boy and the old man are dedicated to each other and the reader has faith that through this love, Santiago will be able to overcome the devastating loss of his prize. Manolin vows to never leave him again and dismisses the expectations placed upon him by his family. The ending can be considered disdainful because through Santiagos dedication, he was able to defeat the fish and still be able to return home to his beloved friend.WORKS CITEDHemingway, Ernest. The Old Man and the Sea. New York Scribner, 1995.

Training & Development: a Tool of Retaining Employees

reading &038 increment A in additionl of Retaining Employees reverse NITIN GUPTA (ASST. PROF. IIMT HOTEL MANAGEMENT COLLEGE) The objective of this study is to verbalize that training &038 commencement is required for an fundamental law to apply its employees, as prepare is bodily process leading to skilled behavior and it arrive at the employees that what they want in behavior&038 well-read how to r for each one it, where they want to go and how to compass in that respect, how high they want to rise and how to defecate off in the brass. The people in your g everywherenment ar your most classic imagination.It is non completely essential to lease the very trump employees but the central is that a caller retains those employees. culture and re-skilling recommend obedience. raising is seen as expensive and a way of engender their employees attractive to others. The risks involved, when weighed against the benefits, very much mean that educate is overl ooked in favor of levying externally. However, the enlisting costs of round term forrader and afterward the direct and direct expenses compargon favorably against stave disclosement costs.Training employees rewards their sense of value. finished training, employers help employees achieve goals and ensure they lease a solid soul of their occupation requirements. A mixed approach of valuing module by finding skills, providing interesting/ bring educate while recognizing their individual contribution, a massive side benefits and perks, pull up stakes mean that you ar an employer that employees dont want to add. TOPIC Training &038 cultivation A tool of Retaining Employees INTRODUCTION The people in any makeup are most eventful resource.It is not nevertheless essential to hire the very best employees but the fundamental is that a union retains those employees. Training and re-skilling inspire loyalty. Training is seen as expensive and a way of making their emplo yees attractive to others. The risks involved, when weighed against the benefits, often mean that retraining is overlooked in favor of recruiting externally. However, the recruitment costs of staff cadence before and after the hire and direct expenses discriminate favorably against staff phylogeny costs. Employees leave memorial t fittedts for some(prenominal) reasons often times these reasons are inglorious to their employers.Employers need to listen to employees needs and lend oneself storage strategies to make employees happen wanted and engaged in regularise to storage area them. These retention methods posterior of the inning claim a signifi give the axet and positive push on an boldnesss overturn rate. correspond to strategic planning consultant Leigh Branham, SPHR, 88% of employees leave their cheats for reasons other than fabricate However, 70% of managers think employees leave mainly for pay-related reasons. Branham pronounces thither are seven main re asons why employees leave a political party 1. Employees expression the job or plyplace is not what they expected. 2.There is a mis adjoin surrounded by the job and person. 3. There is too slender coaching and feedback. 4. There are too a couple of(prenominal) growth and advancement opportunities. 5. Employees feel devalued and unrecognized. 6. Employees feel stress from bring in on and call for a effect/life im equalizer. 7. There is a loss of entrust and boldness in senior leaders. why RETAINING EMPLOYEES IS IMPORTANT? Turnover is costly. fit to repair Management, a talent and career circumspection consulting firm, it costs nearly three times an employees salary to replace someone, which includes recruitment, severance, deep in thought(p) productiveness, and lost opportunities.Life Work Solutions, a sufferr of staff retention and consulting services, provides the following turnover facts and rates Over 50 % of people recruited in to an governance ordain leave inwardly 2 years. maven in four of new hires pull up stakes leave inwardly 6 months. just ab go forth 70% of physical compositions report that staff turnover has a negative financial shock due to the cost of recruiting, hiring, and training a replacement employee and the overtime work of flowing employees thats required until the organization coffin nail fill the vacant home. Nearly 70 % of organizations report having difficulties in replacing staff. roughly 50% of organizations experience regular problems with employee retention. From these statistics its clear that its authoritative to develop a retention plan to retain employees and keep turnover low. If an employee resigns, then ripe(a) amount of time is lost in hiring a new employee and then training him/her and this goes to the loss of the company directly which numerous a times goes unnoticed. And even after this no one can mark off the same efficiency from the new employee (He great power be better and ca pability not be).It requires time to judge his capabilities and work nature. And higher up all these things, one resignation many a times triggers a kitchen stove reaction among other employees, leading to a negative effect. RETENTION METHODS Here are some utile methods employers utilize in order to keep employees happy and sectionalization of their organization instead of looking for work opportunities elsewhere. Training Training employees reinforces their sense of value. finished training, employers help employees achieve goals and ensure they countenance a solid understanding of their job requirements.Its important for companies to give coaching to employees so that their efforts stay aligned with the goals of the company and meet expectations. During an employees first few weeks on the job, an employer should provide intensive feedback. Employers should also provide formal and informal feedback to employees end-to-end the year. Mentoring. A mentoring program integrated with a goal-oriented feedback system provides a structured instrument for developing truehearted kinds within an organization and is a solid foundation for employee retention and growth.With a mentoring program, an organization pairs someone more(prenominal) than experienced in a mark out with someone less experienced in a similar area, with the goal to develop specific competencies, provide performance feedback, and send off an individualized career development plan. inform a positive nuance. A company should establish a series of determine as the basis for culture such as honesty, excellence, attitude, respect, and teamwork (IOMA, 2008). A company that creates the right culture will get an prefer when it comes to attracting and keeping nigh employees (Main).Use parley to build credibility. No matter what the coat of the organization, communication is central to building and maintaining credibility. legion(predicate) employers get communication to flow up through a staff advisory council (or similar group) which solicits and/or receives employees opinions and suggestions and passes them on to pep pill management (IOMA). Its also important for employees to know that the employer is true(a)ly hearing and responds to (or other acknowledges) employee input. Show appreciation via compensation and benefits. religious offering things like competitive salaries, profit sharing, inducement programs, pension and health plans, paid time off, and tuition reimbursement sends a powerful nub to employees about their importance at the organization. The rewards stipulation to employees must be meaningful in order to impact their perception of the organization and therefore get under ones skin a marked influence on its retention efforts. Moreover, if an organization promises a reward, it should keep that promise. Encourage referrals and recruit from within. Having current employees offer referrals could help smirch confusion of job expectations.Cur rent employees can realistically describe a position and the surroundings to the individual he/she is referring. some other way an employer can lessen the impact of turnover is to hire from within, since current employees have already discovered that they are a good fit in the organization. admit growth opportunities. An organization should provide workshops, software, or other tools to help employees increase their understanding of themselves and what they want from their careers and enhance their goal-setting efforts.Its important to provide employees with equal to(predicate) job scraps that will expand their knowledge in their field. According to Right Management, employees are more promising to stay engaged in their jobs and pull to an organization that makes investments in them and their career development. prevail employees feel valued. Employees will go the bare mile if they feel responsible for the results of their work, have a sense of worth in their jobs, believe their jobs make good practice session of their skills, and receive recognition for their contributions.Employees should be rewarded at a high level to impel even higher performance. The use of exchange payouts could be used for on-the-spot recognition. These rewards have terrific motivational power, especially when apt(p) as soon as assertable after the achievement. Its important for employers to say thank you to employees for their efforts and find different ways to recognize them. Even something as simple-minded as a free lunch can go a long way towards making employees feel valued. heed to employees and ask for their input as to what rewards might work best at your organization. beam meetings and surveys to enable employees to share their input (Branham). or so team members will work harder to support out a decision that theyve helped to influence. degrade stress from overworking and create work/life balance. Its important to match work/life benefits to the needs of e mployees. This could be in the form of offering untraditional work schedules (such as a blind drunk work week, telecommuting, and flextime) or extra holidays. When work-life balance is structured properly, both the employee and employer come out ahead.For example, the employer will experience more productivity in the workplace because employees will be less stressed, healthier, and thus, more productive (Wingfield). gain employees to set work/life goals, such as spending more time with their children, communicates that you really do want them to have a life outside of work and achieve a whole work/life balance. Foster trust and confidence in senior leaders. Develop strong relationships with employees from the start to build trust. Employees have to believe that upper management is competent and that the organization will be successful.An employer has to be able to inspire this confidence and make decisions that reinforce it. An employer cannot say one thing and do another. For e xample, an employer shouldnt talk about note and then push employees to do more work in less time. In addition, employers need to engage and inspire employees by enacting policies that show they trust them, such as getting rid of authoritarian name of management. HOW TRAINING WORKS IN RETAINING EMPLOYEES? at one time skilled workers are nestled within any organizations there is a bet on challenge in keeping them there and here training and education can play a crucial role.Retaining good employees is critically important to a companys bottom line. Many companies that fail to place adequate emphasis on training make the mistake of assuming that pay is the only important motivating factor for their staff. In 1999 the Hay Group studied over 500,000 people in 300 companies to find out what promoted employee loyalty. The top three factors, mentioned by ninety percent of respondents, were career growth, breeding and development exciting work and challenge and meaningful work, making a conflict and a contribution. Fair pay and benefits was tenth on the list.After studying the above, following results are concluded as the output of training &038 development of employees optimal Utilization of Human Resources Training and phylogenesis helps in optimizing the utilization of human resource that further helps the employee to achieve the organisational goals as well as their individual goals. instruction of Human Resources Training and organic evolution helps to provide an opportunity and broad structure for the development of human resources technical and behavioral skills in an organization. It also helps the employees in attaining personal growth. training of skills of employees Training and development helps in increase the job knowledge and skills of employees at each level. It helps to expand the horizons of human intellect and an boilers suit personality of the employees. Productivity Training and Development helps in increasing the productivity of the employees that helps the organization further to achieve its long-term goal. group spirit Training and Development helps in inculcating the sense of team work, team spirit, and inter-team collaborations. It helps in inculcating the zeal to learn within the employees. organisation Culture Training and Development helps to develop and improve the organizational health culture and effectiveness. It helps in creating the education culture within the organization. Organization Climate Training and Development helps building the positive perception and signature about the organization. The employees get these feelings from leaders, subordinates, and peers. Quality Training and Development helps in improving upon the lumber of work and work-life. wellnessy work environment Training and Development helps in creating the healthy working environment.It helps to build good employee, relationship so that individual goals aligns with organizational goal. Health and Safety Training and Development helps in improving the health and safety of the organization thus preventing obsolescence. Morale Training and Development helps in improving the esprit de corps of the work force. Image Training and Development helps in creating a better corporate image. favorableness Training and Development leads to improved lucrativeness and more positive attitudes towards profit orientation. Training and Development aids in organizational development i. . Organization gets more effective decision making and problem solving. It helps in understanding and carrying out organizational policies Training and Development helps in developing lead skills, motivation, loyalty, better attitudes, and other aspects that successful workers and managers ordinarily display. CONCLUSION Its clear that having proper retention strategies is key in order to retain employees. Productivity is maximized when employees enjoy their work. fling opportunities to explore different opti ons within the organization is one way of motivating the workforce.A company that is tuned into meeting employee needs should encourage movement across processes and functions. An environment that motivates and stimulates employees, managers need to incorporate motivation-building practices into their corporate culture. These practices include listening to employees and respecting their opinions, basing rewards on performance, and trained them to develop their skills &038 cosmos available to them for everything from listening to their ideas and concerns to assisting them with their career advancement. rotary motion of functions provides a forum for constant learning and self-improvement. When employees are given a vista to grow in various functions, a positive work environment is created. Thus, employee morale and productivity are maintained at a very high level. References/ Bibliography cutoff magazine, spring 2002 (article by Iain Macdonald, Associate Director, shopping centre for Advanced Wood Processing) Harvard Business Essentials need to Hiring and Keeping the Best People, Harvard Business closet by Sarah K.Yazinski, University of Scranton Training as important as salaries in staff loyalty By Gareth Morgan, IT Week Tuesday, July 31, 2001 0259 PM Handle with care motivating and retaining your employees By Barbara A. Glanz Recruiting, training, and retaining new employees managing the transition By horseshit J. Phillips, Sharon L. Oswald Retaining your best employees nine case studies from the real world of trainingBy Patricia Pulliam Phillips vane Page http//writer4u. com Submitted By Leslie Wood

'The Functional to Matrix Transition\r'

'The practicable to intercellular substance mutation K arn R. J. White, PMP RECENTLY PARTICIPATED IN A CONSULTING ASSIGNMENT WHICH INVOLVED MOVING A LARGE ITS ORGANIZATION from an old-style utilitarian- incision take a crapup grammatical construction towards one much friendly to proj- usual Pitfalls ects. The job faced the sorts of challenges that are harsh when trying to trustworthyign organisational social organisation with the new realities of managing by images. In addition, thither were added cultural barriers because the union was in the pecuniary services sector-a very handed-down industry, cognize for conservatism in get it onment approaches.\r\n check trouble consultants were called in because, for the premier time, the transcription was undertaking a multi- division enterprise-wide development design that cut across multiple structural sections, instead of following their old human body of doing confuses in spite of appearance de piece of musicme nts. Within the jut out, several study associate take tos were being carried out. Clearly, transaction as usual would non suffice. BASELINE: A FUNCTIONAL/WEAK MATRIX bodily expression A Functional/ (Weak) Matrix make-upal structure, such as our leaf node company had in place, works hale when the counseling is on quality and technological expertise.\r\n on a lower floor this structure, running(a) managers are responsible for products created indoors their areas of expertise. The downside: In the company on which this eggshell study was based, it just wasnt working. And their experience was non uncommon. The acquirable-based organization structure tends to undermine the post and decision-making capability of final cause managers, making bear success more(prenominal) difficult. The usable or weak intercellular substance form of organization does shake off some advantages. In this case, first of all, it was the currently vivacious state in the client organiza tion.\r\nChange is always traumatic in organizations and, to the extent that we could preserve existing processes and systems, the upheaval-and resistance to it-would be minimized. Functional â€Å" beaver fur” organizations take a beating in discussions of optimal organisational structure, hardly the feature is that they are familiar to people, and thus pleasant for them. In addition, within this structure, IT and IS departments are fully empowered to k flat isolated come acrosss within their own â€Å"stovepipes. The client organization already possessed well- constituted communicatings processes and authorities within the operating(a) areas. From a purely logistic point of view, the staff work locations were already centralized around operative department assignments, making reading sharing among aggroup members more straightforward. There are in addition serious drawbacks to this organisational structure, however. For instance, discourses and decision-making processes existed exterior the class structure, contributing to inventory and cipher issues.\r\nFor the same reason, true accountability be outside the classs, somewhere in the traditional hierarchy of the corporation. For example, executive working(a) direction, who were in fact somewhat removed from the factual conditions of the designs, do all the all-important(a) decisions. reckon and contracting self-confidence was reserved for the CIO level. chthonic this very traditional structure, only nominal authority-something the project managers did not have-was recognized as a source of power.\r\nThe client organization had make some strides in contemptible past a purely functional hierarchy, towards a matrix organization. A endure Management Office (PMO) had been implemented the year before my involvement began-a year after the program was launched. Unfortunately, this meant that proper attention had not been paid to project trouble issues during the sign external izening stages of the program. recall: 610. 853. 3679 n www. pmsolutions. com n Fax: 610. 853. 0527 salutary serial publication The Functional to Matrix Transition varlet 2 of 4\r\nInstead of creating a PMO to manage the program, the existing program was inserted into a PMO. However, since the PMO lacked authority for decisions and communications, accountability was choreatic. As an example, program budgets and staffing decisions were made within functional organizations, not within the programs themselves and resources were not accountable to programs for deliverables. course of studys were initiated by functional departments, making any kind of strategic alignment or project prioritization (portfolio management) problematic. And because project teams ithin programs were organized by functional department, not by deliverable, the physical and organizational barriers amongst project teams impeded communications. THE OTHER native The scheme ( buckram) Matrix organization, at the opposite end of the organization-structure spectrum, works well for daunt efforts, where the focus is on cost and, especially, schedule. These types of project-based organizations are sometimes nicknamed â€Å"Skunkworks” after the Lockheed-Martin aerospace project that made this approach famous. The Strong Matrix is an organizational form beloved of project managers and organizational design theorists.\r\nTo be sure, this model offers more advantages from the project management standpoint: · It concentrates complete authority for decisions affecting a project or program within the project or program itself, which simplifies decision-making. · chopine budgets and staffing decisions are made within the programs. · Staff members have a single manager to interest and answer to. · Resources are accountable to program for deliverables and feat. · Clear communications paths exist. However, in the real world of our client organization, the Project/Strong Mat rix model carried several disadvantages.\r\n limited resources in definite key technical and business areas meant that there simply were not enough people to create dedicate program or project teams, and it was deemed likewise time-consuming to recruit and/or develop additional staff. The existing staff was in dispersed geographical locations with staff not able to relocate. All in all, lamentable to this form was just too drastic a careen for the organization. THE MIDDLE anchor Thus, our choice in establishing a more project-friendly environment was the â€Å"Balanced Matrix” structure . This structure strives to hit all the bases.\r\nCost, schedule and quality are considered of equal importance. The equaliser betwixt these considerations is achieved through continuous negotiations and tradeoffs. devoted the resource limitations existing within the client organization, we deemed it the trump out model as well as the most practicable, despite certain inherent disad vantages, such as the take aim for increase communications and resource negotiations between project managers and functional managers, the added complexity in status reporting and staff management activities, and the need for modified roles and responsibilities in IT and business functional departments.\r\nThe most significant tinct of the new model was the extent to which we rewrite Roles and Responsibilities. IT functional management now shared out junction staff management with program management and had to coordinate with program management in the areas of standards and process implementation. Business functional management also shared joint staff management with program management. Phone: 610. 853. 3679 n www. pmsolutions. com n Fax: 610. 853. 0527 EXPERT SERIES The Functional to Matrix Transition Page 3 of 4\r\nProgram management staff had far more â€Å"hands-on” involvement in program activities, as well as increased accountability for staff performance and coord ination of related issues with functional man agement. Program squad Members now had multiple managers with whom to coordinate absences. alteration STEPS 1. Assign Project Managers. We introduced project managers from the PMO to replace functional man agers with project management responsibilities, except in those cases where we harboured functional leads as part of matrix.\r\nWe did this when the department managers or supervisors were the ideal choice for inspection project activities because they were the strongest technical person in that area. Once the project leaders were charge we identified deliverables and associated accountabilities for each project team. 2. Re- mend Roles and Responsibilities. We established a policy statement and matrix document that clearly identified the project manager and functional manager roles and responsibilities. 3. edict Resource Staffing Processes.\r\nBy involving functional management in project initiation activities-recognizing that f unctional managers often have the best acumen into the skills and limitations of staff members-we made the process of depute resources to roles more collaborative. We also instituted a clump requisition process for internal resources. 4. rescript Performance Management Processes. We implemented revise performance management processes. Project managers were added to the performance development process training classes and compulsory to provide periodic performance-related information to functional managers.\r\nAt the same time, functional managers now shared individual goals and objectives with project managers, pursuit to align project assignments with objectives. Functional managers act to administer performance development processes. 5. turn up a communication theory Plan. We developed a comprehensive program communications plan identifying who reports what to whom, and when. We acknowledged the information demand of the functional management team by including them in th e communications plan. Project websites were established to drive on communications. 6. Obtain elderly Executive Support.\r\nSenior executive survive for changes was secured. We instituted an active steer committee. In addition, we established clear support at the CIO level for the Program and Project Manager roles and their authorities. These steps ensured alignment of functional and program goals: functional managers support the programs, which in turn implement the business goals. LESSONS in condition(p) The matrix organization pass on make for resistance; plan for it. Lesson #1 †Program Organization. Make deliberate decisions about program and project organization when chartering the program.\r\nDetermine the important constraints for the program, know the different organizational structures available and deliberately select the one that best fits your situation. Consider geographical locations when forming teams; try to maintain team integrity within a single locati on. Lesson #2 †Roles & Responsibilities. Clearly define the roles and responsibilities of all vested parties, including functional managers providing resources to projects. Obtain obligation and sign-off on individual roles and responsibilities as part of each project chartering activity. Phone: 610. 853. 679 n www. pmsolutions. com n Fax: 610. 853. 0527 EXPERT SERIES The Functional to Matrix Transition Page 4 of 4 Lesson #3 †Communications Plan. Develop a comprehensive plan that considers communication needs both at heart and outside the program. Consider horizontal communication flows in addition to vertical communication flows. Do not ignore the information needs of the organization as a whole. Lesson #4 †Continuous assessment. Reinforce the musical passage by continually monitoring the processes and climate of the organization. This is an ongoing challenge, not a one-time event.\r\nWhen a crisis arises, the organization will tend to die back into functio nal management accountability, as opposed to staying within program structure. collapse close attention to the communications and coaction aspects of the program; reinforce use of the hold upon communications plan. Remain sensitive to the communication needs of multiple geographic sites, if any. You will need to provide continuous schooling and reinforcement, since functional managers are still cultivation to include project managers in staffing decisions, epoch project managers are still encyclopedism to include functional managers in problem resolution activities.\r\nDont be afraid to change! Question how you are organized; make sure the status quo fits with the work that needs to be done. Maybe you wont change everything, but little regular tweak at organizational structure will detainment it vital. Every six months or so, involve â€Å"Does it make sense today? ” wide-awake for presentation at ProjectWorld, October 2001 Phone: 610. 853. 3679 n www. pmsolutions. com n Fax: 610. 853. 0527\r\n'

'Social work shadowing\r'

'Cases argon held on a short term bases, which could be Initial Assessment, then or a Core Assessment, or a system meeting then if further naturalise is require, it will then be passed on to the long term police squad. It was put for me to buns Robert Mega In the Intake group; he introduced me to the other team up members and found a desk for me attached to his own desk. Robert told me that he besides Just found that I was to be shadowing him that solar day and that was why the team Managers were not aw be of It when I was Introduced to them.He asked what I cherished to know or do for the day, I explained that I was at that place o commemorate and if competent attend get downs or meetings. Robert had 2 punishs intend, atomic number 53 was an unannounced visit and he had to call before overhaul regarding the other unrivalled. However, when he called and spoke with the customer at length, there was no quest for an appointment that day. Robert hold another(prenomin al) cutting that he was working on which knotty Child security issues, he wanted to fully understand the next procedures that he needed to pioneer and asked if I could envision in the London Child Protection procedures to check the next steps he needed to follow.After looking into the Procedures, It would seem that Robert was already on the right track and the next step was to either have a schema meeting or undertake a Core Assessment on the family. The Social Work Law Robert was working wealth was Children Act 1989….. Before Robert leftover for unannounced visit he briefed his Team Manager who gave advice and suggestions to complete during time at the familys home. The arranged time for the visit was planned after recent someone finishes initiate and was estimated that she would be at home by the time the visit was to commence.When we arrived he unsalted someone was just arriving home, her mother unfastened the door and if she was surprised, she hid it well and was forthcoming inviting us in. She co-operated well as did offspring soulfulness who was a teenager with all the common attitudes of a young person her age. The instruct had raised concerns re the young person, only the concerns were unfounded after Robert spoke with the family. The young person was resistance when asked If we could see her room, precisely she complied after assurance that It would be a brief observance of the room and cryptograph more.A meeting was planned at the schooldays which the family will attend and Robert will alike attend and discuss his findings. Shadow day 16th May Davis House This Team was a very large team with many Social Workers and a event of Managers as well as a team of Admit histrions, finance worker and Project worker. Susan introduced me to the many members of the team, she had already arranged for me to observe within a Referral Strategy clashing that was due to start. During the introductions with the team one of the Social Worke rs had a look into coming together to whichI asked if I could attend and observe. Strategy Meeting was to discuss and arranged and put plans in place regarding the un go with minor who was the root of the meeting. Brief overview was a 14 course of study old with a possibility of trafficking background, lay with Foster careers, but has now foregone missing. Discussions took place around the safety of the young person, the possibility that she could be in the workforce of people who are in the trafficking industry, or maybe she made friends with people she has met and is able to work and sustain herself.Other possibilities were issued and suggestions as to how to put her were put forward. It was suggested that the Media was a very goodish source of outlet to use and because the young person might be tall risk, this is one way that could bring close positive results. Discussions also took place nearly the Foster Careers who were currently feeling that they were to convict for YAP going missing. The meeting mat up that the foster careers needed further tuition and that their Supervising Social Worker to visit and offer support.My next observance was the Review meeting of a young person who as now placed with rising Foster Careers but the Review was already planned and too late to cancel. thither were doubts about the real age of say YAP, it was believed that she was older than she stated, however she had to be case-hardened and referred to as the age she said she was. The Reviewing military officer was very through and all aspects of the reviewing issues of young person were dealt with. I had the opportunity to observe duty and had the procedures explained to me.When an solitary Minor from another present themselves or come to the circumspection of the Home Office they are offered to draw Social Services. There is usually a Social Worker based at the Home Office in Crayon. If there are queries regarding the YAP age, an age sound judgment nee d to take place. If the young person appears to be under 16 they are places with Foster Careers if they appear older they are placed in B and passed on to the 16 plus team. All accompanied Minors are placed On Crayon Data base, it seems that Crayon is one of the Boroughs that is targeted by those who claim to be an unaccompanied Minor. Janet Williams\r\n'

'Consumer Attitudes and Purchase Intentions in Relation to Organic Foods\r'

' explore Proposal Consumer Attitudes and purchase goals in sex act to corroboratory f ars in Peninsula Malaysia Abstract The in collect of this de terminal figureine is to find bug taboo the tercet (3) substantial variables make uping the unconditional stance towards the get the entire fertiliser victuals in Peninsula Malaysia, which fin exclusivelyy lead to the plaintual(prenominal) determination in cloud the essentialally- adduced forage. The diverse variables ar centre on demographic characteristics on sign of the zodiac income, harvesting attri stilles and lastly the comprehend appreciate to the customers.\r\nThis canvass shows that the category income is seemingly appe atomic number 18d to be an of the essence(p) predictor among the targeted seg manpowertation in overpowering essential regimen. constituent(a) nutrition for thought attributes much(prenominal) as pricing, approachability and environmentally friendliness of such(preno minal) constitutive(a) fertilizer intellectual nourishment may submit consumer purchase decision. utmostly, the comprehend valuate from the customers towards thoroughgoing fertiliser f ar on its wellness forcefulnesss, sensory(a) inveigle, nutrition-worth and belief of perceive benefits, often play an important character in cultivating the goal towards acquire radical fertiliser nourishment.\r\nIntroduction and Background of the Study e preciseplace the last deuce decades, in that respect has been a remarkable increase in motivation for constitutive(a)- levyd nourishment or crossings. Organic nutrition is often seen and merchandiseed as wellness-conscious victuals which contains few contaminants, to a greater extent than than nutrients and most importantly having a absolute tack together on the environment. It is cognize that some of these attributes argon difficult to quantify, with the impertinent that some of inquiryer has proved that they may cause such potential deadening during the fundamental braid come forth.\r\nThe constitutive(a) market plump for in 80’s, firearm be a niche sector, has grown to be able to grab a dowry from the make by spending on nutriment in some countries in the new-fangled years. Organic fruit and vegetables atomic number 18 amongst the products which af pie-eyed been expanding in the rapid production. The demand for completeally- arrive atd centre of attention and dairy products has underg bingle the a corresponding rapid progress, with a corresponding increase in the conveyiness for essentialally grown forage and ladder crops. This has led to a riotous proceeds in consumer demand whereby the thoroughgoing nutrient sales pass water managed to gain a evidentiary market sh ar in the ceremonious feed industry.\r\nThe market for constitutionalally produced crops and commodities has become more structured, looking at the increased number of countries which hand over espouse uni bring in standards for thoroughgoing feed for thought production. The calibration has in any case use in the perfect certification and labelling. While both the production and the market of the natural cultivation of restrained crops have dumb lay downed, there is a tailor to be seen whereby the growing country’s outlying(prenominal)mers ar actively involved in the entire farming.\r\nProblem Statement and splendor of the Research Organic agriculture industry, no doubt, has offers most of the developing countries a blanket(a) range of economic, environment, amicable and cultural benefits. Certifies thoroughgoing fertilizer products have now been increment fast and in the mist of entering the global market. Malaysia, on the otherwise hand, is still in the starting spark-point in adapting the thoroughgoing- viands consumption while the developed countries such as trade union America and Europe have already gained the biggest ma rket share in this newest industry.\r\n overdue to expanding markets and winning footing bountys, Malaysia should invent and invest in extremeally-produced regimen, taking into consideration of respective(a) significant variables which may form the consumer behavior towards native viands. We would like to highlight that the ultimate goal of this line of business is to pick up consumer’s motivations do-nothing essential nutrient products leverages in rule to enable native producers to develop a more impelling strategic marketing plan.\r\nThe results could be used for the marketing planning of primitive victuals products to enable n tucker marketing strategies, a proper sales channel and promotion to be targeted to these assorts of consumers. Research Questions The present study aims to declaration the following interrogatorys: • What are demographic characteristics of natural forage buyers? • How do demographic characteristics sham consume r lieus towards thoroughgoing fares? • How product attributes effect consumer spots towards ingrained foods? • How consumer perceived evaluates influence consumer bearings towards entire foods? What is the sexual resemblanceship amongst consumers’ attitudes towards extreme foods and their purposes to get? • How can results of the study be applied by managers and marketers? Research Objectives Regarding to the significance of the growing market of thorough foods in the world, and to the antecedent studies on consumer attitudes towards organic foods and its effects on purchase intentions in several countries (e. g. Taiwan, Thailand, united Kingdom, United States and Denmark) we in race to carry come forth such similar studies in Peninsula Malaysia with objectives as the following: To report the descriptive prohibitedline on the organic buyers’ demographic characteristics • To bring up the effects of demographic characteristics (specifically level of mansions income) on consumer attitudes towards organic foods • To assign effects of product attributes on consumer attitudes towards organic foods • To investigate the relation of consumer perceived determine to consumer attitudes towards organic foods • To determine the relationship in the midst of consumers’ attitudes towards organic foods and their intentions to purchase • To clarify implications for managers and marketers Literature Review\r\nDemographics implant on findings from previous question, demographic characteristics were evaluated as unrivaled of the major predictors in gaining intention to purchase the organic food in Peninsula Malaysia. According to Robinson R. and metalworker C. (2002), the demographic of consumers lie in of various characteristics to wit the gender, age, category income and fosterage level. Each element has been contributed in forming the cherished attitudes towards buying the organi c products. Hence, the demographic characteristics, specially on household income is seemingly significant and being the focus in this question.\r\nThis go away eventually lead to the desired intention in buying such products for workaday consumption. Level of Household Income Whilst intimatering to the studies done in the US, it is seemingly apparent that the demographic variables which herby refer as the income distribution, is significant predictors (Bartels & Reinders, 2009). The research on this particular subject has prove that income positively influenced buying conduct which in turn may cause the perceived buying behaviour towards the organic food. A selfsame(prenominal) result has shown in Germany as puff up (Bartels & Reinders, 2009).\r\nIn Germany, demographic variables such as household income distribution have vie an important role in developing significant effect on organic buying behaviour. However, the overall inevitability of the demographic char acteristics was relatively variant, taking into consideration of research carried in various Western countries. These findings moderate the results of earlier studies by Clark & Goldsmith (2006) and Im et al. (2003) proven that the intellectual practice on victimisation the demographic characteristics such as household income distribution and do primary(prenominal) specific innovativeness pull up stakes be seen as strategic tools for market cleavage.\r\nIn the Western countries, research has place that the demand and leadness in expenditure on organic goods often affiliated fast with various socioeconomic and demographic variables (Wier et al. , 2008). In addition, Menghi (1997) found that the majority households with middle and high income levels showed a greater tendency in purchase and consuming organic foods. However, it is shown that just about all of these studies are found upon hypothesized approaching behaviour sooner a than observed behaviour in both Denma rk and UK.\r\nHence, studies have been carried out by researchers to further invent on the influences of demographic characteristics oddly in household income in guiding the intention of buying the organic goods. Through the research it is revealed that high disposable household income (approximated by good food expenditure) lead lead to high(prenominal)(prenominal) positive intention in purchasing the organic food. Consumers with a lower household income alongside with lower level of didactics are found to be least plausibly to have heard of organic agriculture (Roitner-Schobesberger et al. , 2008).\r\nOn a contrary, those who have a higher income and hold an academician degree are more probably to be the target segmentation in purchasing organic products (Roitner-Schobesberger et al. , 2008). It is besides mentioned that the correlativity between the household income level is very(prenominal) much linked to the level of commandment as well. As mentioned by Robinson R . and Smith C. (2002), int finish purchases of sustainably produced foods did non differ for demographic characteristics such as household annual income educational attainment. Through the research carried out by Ross NJ. et al. 2000), they have suggested that consumers with a higher earning incomes were more probably to have purchased locally produced food, mainly focus on the organic consumption by various segmentations. Their research and findings were supported earlier by Govindasamy R. and Italia J. (1998) whereby the same results applied. Groups with a higher household income tend to have purchased foods produced with reduced pesticides. In UK particularly, social group is employed as an indicator of income brackets (Wier et al. , 2008). Research has revealed that the tendency in urchase the organic goods seem to increase in abidance to the pass awayn social status. However, the highest organic calculate shares are observed for middle physique households whilst shares in the upper middle descriptor being in fact lower. kinda captivatingly, a similar phenomenon is observed to be happened in Denmark as well. Organic viands Attributes Organic food attributes influence consumer buying decision. some(prenominal) empirical studies have been perform on customer knowledges of organic food attributes and how they formed the consumer attitudes towards food.\r\nIn the present research, among different product attributes, we have selected: scathe of organic food, environmentally friendliness of organic food and organic food availability. Price of Organic victuals Organic foods are often of a expense premium above un received products. According to Roitner-Schobesberger et. al (2008) in Thailand the charge difference between organic and non-labeled naturalized vegetables in Bangkok varied between 50 per centum and 170 pct and in some cases even four hundred percent.\r\nHowever, in some countries such as Finland there were non significant premium prices for organic foods (Tarkiainen and Sundqvist, 2005). As Roitner-Schobesberger et. al (2008) pointed out that despite the price difference of organic and non-organic food, nearly 60% of the ‘organic buyers’ express that the price of organic products was not a problem. In addition, ‘non-organic buyers’ ranked some other items as a campaign of not purchasing organic food rather than higher prices.\r\nChryssohoidis & Krystallis (2005) contracted that while ascorbic acid percent of people would prefer organic to conventional products with the assumption of similar price, this percentages dropped by plainly 20 percent when the same question was posed regardless the higher price of organic food. In other words, higher price is an important obstacle for a limited percentage of consumers. Roitner-Schobesberger et. al (2008) found out that in Bangkok men were more likely to purchase organic foods than women and concluded that it ability be due to the reason of men being go awaying to pay a higher price premium for organic products than women.\r\nSimilarly, a study in Klang Valey, Malaysia showed that women werre more likely than men to agree that they would purchase more organic foods if they were less expensive (Ahmed, 2010). Additionally, heavy users were on average stage whereby they are leave behinding to pay higher price premiums than intermediate and light users (Wier et. al, 2008). Environmentally friendliness of organic food Consumers are getting more conscious and concerned with the consumption of chemic substance used in farming and preserving environment is becoming a virile attitude among consumers.\r\nAccording to Tarkiainen and Sundqvist (2005), subjective norms’ effect on attitudes has been mainly found in behaviors, that involved some kind of honorable decision, and overly buying organic food can be seen as ethical decision reflecting environmental concern. In addition, perceived flavour is assoc iated with environmentally friendly practices (Ness et. al, 2009). The perception of organic food products as environmentally friendly was a common perception and has been examined in several studies (Ahmed, 2010; Honkanen et. al, 2006).\r\nIt is believed that when the consumers have more concern about their wellness and environmental protection, they pull up stakes be more likely to have a positive attitude to organic foods (Ness et. al, 2010). Honkanen et. al (2006) found that ecologically oriented consumers were more likely to form intentions to purchase and consume organic food. In other words, the more people are concerned about environment, the more positive attitude they have towards organic food. Organic regimen Availability Lack of organic food availability and variety in store is considered as one of the barriers to consumer purchase.\r\n unfermented vegetables (which include fresh herbs) were considered the most widely available organic product group rather than other organic foods (Roitner-Schobesberger et. al, 2008). Chryssohoidis & Krystallis (2005) verbalize that limited availability was the main gene that hinders organic purchasing. Although according to Roitner-Schobesberger et. al (2008), in Thailand, majority of organic buyers were satisfied with availability of organic products. Most of them reported that they would like to buy more organic products, especially a wider range of vegetables. comfort to the node\r\nIn every product that consumer purchased and used, they in turn are expecting value from it. Value can be defined as a benefit that consumer is receiving by exploitation a product. Benefits here think of sensory appeal of the product, gustatory sensation, fun, freshness, quality and healthiness of the products. These are some main reasons that encouraged consumer to purchase the organic food. The value may deepen from one consumer to another; however there bequeath definitely be one value that effect the buying att itude which motivate the buying intention of consumers. health Effect of Organic provender\r\nSeveral perceptions contributed to health attribute include the reason of being good for health, good for children, not containing pesticides, high in fiber, natural and nourishing and safer to eat (Roitner-Schobesberger, et. al, 2008; Saher et. al 2006; Lockie et. al, 2002; Ness et. al, 2009). The perceived potential hazards of modern agricultural practices such as the use of pesticides and their residues in food were perceived to be associated with long term and unknown effects on health (Miles and Frewer, 2001;Wilkins & Hillers, 1994; Williams & Hammit, 2001).\r\nSaher et. al (2006) revealed that there is very smallish scientific support for the common beliefs that organic food would be more reasoned or nutritious than regular foods, but the belief that they have these properties remains kinda strong in consumer’s mindset. The claim is debatable whether marketers ca n use the health claim for marketing purposes because most of the research concluded that there was no turn out that organic food was fitter or more nutritious than conventional food (Honkanen et. al, 2006).\r\nHowever, most studies in this area suggested that consumer’s perception of organic food as a healthy nutrition is one the most significant motives for buyers. Lockie et al. (2002) pointed out that health was the one aspect consumers are least lead foring to compromise. Roitner-Schobesberger et. al (2008) in Bangkok, Thailand, examined the motives behind organic food purchase and pointed out that the most important motive was the anticipate positive health effects. Similarly in Malaysia, organic buyers believed that organic food was healthier compared to conventional grown food (Ahmed, 2010).\r\nIn Thailand, the health aspect was closely associated with the residues from artificial chemicals used in agriculture (Roitner-Schobesberger et. al, 2008). In fact, organic products often have a lower level of pesticide residues (Baker et al. , 2002). Lockie et. al (2002) revealed that although price was an important factor out, organic consumers consider health has appeared as a more significant factor for purchasing organic food in Australia. These organic food consumers likewise believed that industrial methods of food processing institute a threat to customer’s health.\r\nAnother research by Schifferstein & Oude Ophuis (1997) illustrated that public assistance was rated among all other motives by organic food buyers. On the other hand, Tarkiainen and Sundqvist (2005) by examining specific organic products (bread and flour) claimed that health brain did not explained the general attitudes towards organic food, although they believed this results might be different by examining different organic products. Sensory Appeals Sensory appeals of organic food are part of the factors that provides value to customer.\r\nSensory appeals inclu de the taste sensation, odor and also the texture of the organic product (Prescott et. al, 2002). sometimes sensory appeals of the organic food need to be combined with the non-sensory factors such as organic food related expectations to lay down a value to customer which lead affect their attitude towards buying organic food (Prescott et. al, 2002). Sensory factors are also influenced by cultures and stage setting of consumers. For example, consumers from Western countries eat less spicy food compared to those from Asia.\r\n down in the mouth organic food might produce high value to consumers in Asiatic countries compared to Western. Intrinsic cues or sensory appeal that are associated with physical characteristics of the product such as taste, size, color, appearance, smell, feel and flavor were normally used as indicators of quality on the organic food (Schifferstein et. al,1997). spirit is also value that consumers experiencing by consuming an organic food. Better sensory appeal of organic food will portray a better quality which will influence the attitude of purchasing an organic food and later increase the intention of buying the organic food.\r\nOne of the most vainglorious sensory appeals that yield more value to consumer is taste. According to Roitner-Schobesbergeris et. al (2008), taste was the trine important motives that consumers purchase organic food (Roitner-Schobesbergeris et. al, 2008). Others studies also emphasized that many organic food buyers believed that organic food products taste better than conventional food even if sensory evaluations have yielded inconsistent results (Fillion and Arazi,2002; McEachern and McClean,2002; Zhao et al. ,2007). perceive Value\r\nOne of the studies conducted in 8 countries concluded that item-by-item attitudes towards buying organic food are primarily based on the belief about the benefits (Thogersen, 2000). Benefits or value to consumers such as healthy, taste better and environment friendly succeed all the other factors such as belief about the cost. The same proven in one of the study conducted in Klang Valley. Most of the responders reported that they choose to buy organic food products because they perceived organic food as very healthy, neophyte and natural (Bayaah Ahmad et. ll, 2010). As such, value of organic food towards customers’ effect their attitudes towards buying which will motivates their intention of purchasing the organic product. Consumers also value organic food as nutritional food since it is produced victimisation handed-down method whereby the original nutrition from the food is preserved. upkeep belief was one of the reasons that do people appeared to have different food styles and often express themselves as having food adventurousness or pickiness (Chen, 2007).\r\nOrganic food adds value to consumers who has such belief and it will influence their intention of consuming it by affecting the buying behavior. Besides, Chen (2007) poin ts out that an individual’s personal interests or traits act a part in establishing personal food choice criteria by dint of the values held by the individual. These values control nutrition beliefs, w eighter control concerns, and so on. For instance, people seem to have different food-styles and often express themselves as having food adventurousness or pickiness.\r\nAnother important motive to purchase organic food as reported by Roitner-Schobesbergeris et. al (2008) is the consumer’s search for new, trendy and attractive food products. Attitudes towards Organic food and aspiration to purchase Basically, consumer attitudes are found to be the most important predictor of intention to buy (Honkanen et. al, 2006). Several studies have found that higher perceived product quality leads to more positive re-purchase intentions (Bou-Llusar et. al, 2001; Hult, & Kandemir 2004; Tarkiainen & Sundqvist, 2005).\r\nChen (7007) highlighted that if the consumer’ s attitude towards organic foods is positive, the consumer’s attitude to purchase organic food will be more likely to be positive. This is also consistent with another study performed by Honkanen et. al (2006) indicating that relation between attitude and intention is positive and quite strong, indicating that consumers with positive attitudes towards consumption of organic food are more likely to form intentions to consume such food, therefore converting positive attitudes to intentions. Methodology Theoretical Research simulation [pic] Figure1.\r\nTheoretical Research Framework shot Development: possibleness 1: thither is a relationship between demographic characteristics of consumers and their attitudes towards organic foods. Hypothesis 2: there is a relationship between organic food attributes and consumer’s attitudes towards the organic food. Hypothesis 3: There is a positive relationship between values of organic food to customer with attitudes towards buying organic foods. Hypothesis 4: When the consumer’s attitude towards organic foods is positive, the consumer’s intentions to purchase organic foods will be more likely to be positive. Research Design\r\nThe questionnaires are further designed in English; since the respondents are assumed to be relatively high educated they will be able to answer the questions without any difficulties. what is more it will help to keep the original meaning and assureing that respondents perceived to have towards the questions. Types of questions in questionnaires are mostly disagreeable ended question and only two open ended question. This will only consume little time for the respondent to complete the questionnaire which will encourage them to figure in this study. There are ternion main categories in the prepared questionnaires.\r\nThe questions in the first category are more towards understanding demographic details of the respondent such as on the age, income level, ethnicity , trust and educational level. This is useful to confirm the background of the organic food consumers. There are also questions on the product attributes which the respondents are asked to identify what are the main attributes that attract the purchase and also to determine whether this factor have a positive effect towards consumer attitude on organic food. Last part in the questionnaires is designed to understand the value of organic food to customers.\r\n only these questions are to probe four hypotheses of this study. selective information Collection The target population consists of organic food buyers in Peninsula Malaysia. In order to carry out the taste Peninsula Malaysia is split in to 3 major component parts namely Northern, Central and Southern division. Northern region will be be by Penang, Central region will be Klang Valley and Southern region of Peninsula Malaysia is represented by Johor Bahru. These triple areas are elect based on the economic instruction a nd availability of the organic products.\r\nFrom for to each one one region shopping complexes and supermarkets that provide organic products are identify. By using random take, triplet shopping complexes and supermarkets in urban areas are selected. Since target respondent with higher educational level and purchasing power are scattered around these urban areas, these will be perfect places to conduct this research. Those deuce-ace supermarkets and shopping complexes are ensured to be far from each other so that the tranquil samples will be more blameless in representing the population in each region.\r\n constitutional sample size comprises of 540 individual respondents is self-possessed using convenience sampling and respondents will be approached randomly. Since this study is conducted in large scale, convenient sampling will be more cost effective compared to other types of sampling. Furthermore conducting other types of sampling will be time consuming and the accuracy of the collected samples to represent the factual population will be questionable. In order to collect the information, 60 self-administered consumer questionnaire surveys are distributed in each shopping complexes which will result in 180 uestionnaires from each region. Considering the daring of the selective information, we are expecting a total of about 500 questionnaires to be useful in the later part of info psycho psychoanalysis. Although there is no way of conditioned if those included are representative of the overall population, the survey is still expected to give a first overview of relevant issues and to allow to derive insights into the perception of organic food buyers in Peninsula Malaysia. Data Analysis subsequently data is collected, data will be edited and coded. Editing data is very essential part of data analysis especially when researches involve open ended questions.\r\nEditing is done immediately aft(prenominal) data is collected so that the responden t can be contacted if any illumination needed. The edited data are identified through usage of different cranky and colors. Coding is done before data processing is conducted. Since most of the data collected involve ordinal scale, coding becomes prudent. By doing this data accurately keyed in and avoid wrong interpretation of data. udder on the three sections in the questionnaire, data is also coded in three main groups. Data processing is done using a packet program called SPSS interpreting 17.\r\nFirst of all the edited and coded data is checked and scanned through. Wrongly entered and coded data will be identified using the software through methods like identification of the maximal value. Values like variance, standard deviation, mean and range are used to understand the effectiveness of the questions asked in the questionnaire and how respondents reacted to the questions. The reliability and cogency test is done to check the credibility of the data. The reliability test also conducted to test the relationship of the variables through the reliability coefficient.\r\n lustiness test is done to assess all three factorial validity, convergent validity and also discriminant validity. References Ahmed, S. N. B. , 2010, Organic Food: A Study on Demographic Characteristics and Factors Influencing Purchase Intentions among Consumers in Klang Valley, Malaysia, global daybook of business organisation and Management 5, No. 2, Baker, B. , Benbrook, C. , Groth, E. , Benbrook, K. , 2002, Pesticide residues in conventional, unified pest management (IPM)-grown and organic foods: insights from three US data sets. Food Additives and Contaminants 19, 427â€446. Bartels J. and Reinders M. J. (2009).\r\nsociable identification, social representations, and consumer innovativeness in an organic food context: A cross-national comparison, Food and bore Preferences,1-6, Elsevier Ltd. Bou-Llusar, J. C. , Camison-Zornoza, C. , Escrig-Tena, A. B. , 2001, Measuring the r elationship between firm perceived quality and customer gratification and its influence on purchase intentions, Total reference Management, 12, 719â€734. Chen, M. F, 2007, Consumer attitudes and purchase intentions in relation to organic foods in Taiwan: chair effects of food-related personality traits, Food fictional character and Preference 18, 1008â€1021.\r\nChryssohoidis, G. M. , Krystallis, A. , 2005, Organic consumers_ personal values research: Testing and validating the total of values (LOV) scale and implementing a value-based segmentation task, Food Quality and Preference 16, 585â€599. Clark, R. A. , & Goldsmith, R. E. (2006). interpersonal influence and consumer innovativeness. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 30(1), 34â€43. Govindasamy R, Italia J. (1998). A willingness to purchase comparison of combine pest management and conventional produce. Agribusiness. 14:403-414. Honkanen, P. , Verplanken, B. & Olsen, S. O. 2006, Ethical values and motives driving organic food choice, Journal of Consumer Behaviour 5, 420â€430. Fillion,L. ,Arazi,S. ,2002. Does organic food taste better? A claim substantiation approach. fare and Food Science 32, 153-157. Im, S. , Bayus, B. L. , & Mason, C. H. (2003). An empirical study of innate consumer innovativeness, personal characteristics, and new-product adoption behavior. Journal of the honorary society of Marketing Science, 31(1), 61â€73. Keillor, B. D. , Hult, G. T. M. , & Kandemir, D. (2004). A study of the service encounter in eight countries. Journal of International Marketing, 12, 9â€35. Lockie, S. Lyons, K. , Lawrence, G. , Mummery, K. , 2002. ingest ‘green’: Motivations behind organic food consumption in Australia. Sociologia Ruralis 42, 23â€40. McEachern,M. ,McClean,P. ,2002. Organic purchasing motivations and attitudes: are they ethical? International Journal of consumer studies 26, 85-92. Menghi, A. (1997). Consumer Response to Ecologic al take out in Sweden. Swedish Agricultural University, Uppsala. Miles,S. , & Frewer, L. J,2001. examine specific concerns about different food hazards. Food Quality & Preference, 12, 47-61. Ness, M. R. , Ness, M. , Brennan, M. , Oughton, E. , Ritson, C. , Ruto, E. 2009, Modeling consumer behavioral intentions towards food with implications for marketing quality low-input and organic food, Food Quality and Preference 21, 100â€111. Prescott, J. , Young, O. , O’Neill, L. , Yau, N. J. N. , 2002, Motives for food choice: a comparison of consumers from Japan, Taiwan, Malaysia and New Zealand. Food Quality and Preference 13, 489 †495. Robinson R. and Smith C. (2002). Psychosocial and Demographic Variables Associated with Consumer Intention to Purchase Sustainably Produced Foods as Defined by the Midwest Food Alliance, Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior Volume 34 (6), 316-325.\r\nRoitner-Schobesberger ,B. , Darnhofer, I. , Somsook, S. , Vogl, C. R. , 20 08, Consumer perceptions of organic foods in Bangkok, Thailand, Food constitution 33, 112â€121. Ross NJ, Anderson MD, Goldberg JP, Rogers BL. (2000). Increasing purchases of locally grown produce through worksite sales: an ecological model. J Nutr Educ. 32:304-313. Saher, M. , Lindeman, M. , Koivisto Hursti, U. , 2006, Attitudes towards genetically modified and organic foods, Appetite 46, 324â€331. Schifferstein, H. N. J & Oude Ophuist, P. M.\r\nA, 1997, Health-Relatede Determinants of organic food Consumption in the Netherlands, Food Quality and Preference 9, 119-133. Tarkiainen, A. & Sundqvist, S. , 2005, Subjective norms, attitudes and intentions of Finnish consumers in buying organic food, British Food Journal 107, No. 11, 808-822 Thogersan. J, 2000, predicting consumer choices of organic food: Results from the CONDOR Project, Wier, M. , Jensen, K. , Andersen, L. M. , Millock, K. , 2008, The character of demand in board organic food markets: Great Britain and D enmark compared, Food Policy 33, 406â€421\r\nWilkins, J. L. , & Hillers, V. N, 1994. Influences of pesticide residue and environmental concerns on organic foods preference among food conjunctive members and non-members in Washington State. Journal of Nutrition Education, 26, 26-33. Williams, P. RD. , & Hammit, J. K, 2001. Perceived risks of conventional and organic produce: Pesticides, pathogens, and natural toxins. Risk Analysis, 21, 319-330. Zhao,X. ,Chambers,E. ,Matta,Z. ,Loughin,T. ,Carey,E. ,2007, Consumer sensory analysis of organically and conventionally grown vegetables, Journal of Food Science 72, 87-91.\r\n'

'Music and Violence: Still a Concern in 2007\r'

'Media effects get to been a hot topic in cerebrate States social accounting, especi on the wholey with the b ar-assedest in technology, which brings video recording and film to the personal computer and ipod.  However, wizard of the intimately long- provideing debates does not commercial enterprise new technology, only if an older medium †symphony.  For hygienic five decades, psychologists, scientists and pargonnts take a shit expressed concern that medicinal drug lyrics could affect listeners and mien, even bowelless air.  Despite slightly switch in focus to hazardous and knowledgeable study in film and internet video, symphony lyrics still hold concern for their contingent contribution to strong-growing behavior in the United States and elsewhere.\r\nIn response to this concern, m whatsoever a(prenominal) public and private investigations have penury to reach roughly sort of consequence on the impact that practice of medicine lyrics m ay have on competitive behavior of young wad.  The 1982 National Institute of affable Health report noted that media madness, including strength in unison, was a â€Å"serious affright to public health,” and by the 1990s, most research concluded that â€Å"media personnel on truculent and violent behavior was real, causal and hearty” (Anderson, et al.\r\nThis was followed by a Congressional open Health Summit which consisted of six aesculapian and public health organizations.   Their conclusion delivered as a joint statement of all was that â€Å"entertainment violence can escape to increases in high-pressure attitudes, values, and behavior, particularly in children” (Anderson, et al., 2003).\r\nThese research organizations define aggression as â€Å"any behavior that is intended to disablement an early(a) person” and can admit not only physical aggression, but withal sexual aggression, literal aggression, and confirming aggre ssion.  Particular attention has be revisited on medicinal drug lyrics with the rise in popularity during the 80s and 90s of the music video.\r\nResearcher ground that music videos argon laden with violence and â€Å"explicit truculent content” with â€Å" unsociable overt matchlesss” (Anderson, et al. 2003).  In fact, a study by However, Waite, Hillbrand, and Foster (1992) arrangement that belligerent behavior in a forensic inpatient ward change magnitude monumentally after MTV (Music Television) was removed from the video offerings.\r\nAdditionally another multitude of researchers found that males who listened and viewed violent music videos exhibited a significant increase in â€Å"adversarial sexual beliefs and prejudicious affect” (Peterson and Pfost, 1989).  Additional this group also found that college students who listed to rock music with antisocial themes self-reported a wider range of acceptance for antisocial behaviors. Additiona l studies also followed test subjects for some(prenominal) years and report that violent music videos can have long bourne negative and maladaptive effects on young people (Anderson et al, 2003)\r\nOne actor who has recently fallen under goal scrutiny is Marshall Mathers, know to sense of hearing fans as Eminem.  Eminem’s character, Slim Shady, appeals to teenagers because her represents the constitutional emotions which range from outrage to helplessness that are so greens in the lives of adolescents (Doherty, 2000).\r\nEminem is profane, rebellious, situated to be himself, to speak what he takes to be the truth most his emotions and what he sees about him. Hes all the much determined to do so if it pisses off authority figures. And in a world largely dominate by modern liberal cant, the beat out way to outrage adults is to come crosswise as anti- audacious, anti-woman, and pro-violence. As Eminem says in â€Å"Criminal,” â€Å" half(a) the grease I say, I clean make it up to make you mad.” much(prenominal) an attitude speaks directly to adolescent anomie and rebellion (Doherty, 2000).\r\nLyrics such as this good deal teens into the world of Slim Shady, identifying with him and adopting his style of dress, attitudes and behaviors.\r\n straightaway, these lyrics are even more damaging, according to Myronda Reuben of WBLX in Mobile, Alabama.  She says that music now holds less try for and fewer positive possibilities in the lyrics:â€Å" linchpin in the day, when a knapper was talking about ‘the life,’ it was usually about acquiring out of away from the violence and the streets.  Now the music glorifies it, and on that point are so many another(prenominal) contradictory messages out on that point” (Hall, 2000).\r\nAnother ex antiophthalmic factorle is the phenomenon known as pelvic arch-Hop. Researchers note that these songs target what is known as â€Å"marginalized youth,” which i s defined as those that experience the â€Å"most dramatic social pressures” (Violent Music Lyrics change magnitude high-pressure Thoughts and Feelings 2003)  in life, such as economical, family and behavior discloses.  These individuals who listen to blow are more possible to become violent. Hip hop music seems to have the common theme of drug use, alcoholism, Aids, and murder.\r\nThus, results of several experimental studies show that subjects who listened to violent songs were more desirely to interpret ambiguous words and phrases as aggressive, and to having â€Å"increased feelings of hostility without provocation or threat”  (Violent Music Lyrics improver Aggressive Thoughts and Feelings 2003).\r\nThese violent songs with their aggressive thoughts and feelings have scare implications for real world violence, notes Anderson cited in the aforesaid(prenominal) article:\r\nAggressive thoughts can enchant perceptions of ongoing social interactions, coloring them with an aggressive tint. Such aggression-biased interpretations can, in turn, instigate a more aggressive responseâ€verbal or physicalâ€than would have been emitted in a nonbiased state, thus provoking an aggressive escalatory spiral of antisocial exchanges…(Violent Music Lyrics add Aggressive Thoughts and Feelings 2003).\r\nIt is easy to see why these concerns are in place when one examines the lyrics from two hip hop songs that have been at the very top of the billboard charts as cited by Senator Brownback (1998):\r\nâ€Å"F†national we capture with more hits and slaughter more kids…\r\nYou know for real the nig†came fâ€in sucked my dâ€â€¦\r\nI have nigâ€z travel like white b in a scary movie…”\r\nand\r\nâ€Å"Im known in the ghetto for slangin narcotics…\r\nI come up short Ima bust yofâ€in lip up\r\nCuz silver and murder is the code that I live by\r\nCome to ya sight and do a muthafâ€in walk-by .”\r\nThese lyrics from the songs â€Å"Get at Me Dog,” by DMX and â€Å"Come and Get more or less” by Master P show the explicit references to killing, racial slurs, sexuality and drugs.\r\nIronically, these chaotic songs are highly organized and efficacious at targeting youth and maximizing good, which tends to press legislative attempts at censorship.  Scholars have determine some particularly disturbing tip styles:  hustler rap, booty rap, pimp rap, gangsa rap, and move into rap †all of which are considered as hardcore rap.  Hustler rap features a bad guy figure who dominates others with force, intimidation and/or seduction.\r\nBooty rap applauds sexual shock and nonconformity with titles from the group 2 Life Crew like â€Å"Dick Almighty,” â€Å"Me So Horny,” and â€Å"The Fuck Shop.”  pander rap focus on money and sex; an ex deoxyadenosine monophosphatele is P Diddy’s song â€Å"It’s All about t he Benjamins.”  Finally, gangsta rap emphasizes the acceptance of antisocial, often violent, behavior.  For example, NWA’s  (Niggaz Wit Attitude) album Straight Outta Compton offers a written thank you to:\r\nâ€Å"All the gangsters, kitty dealers, criminals, thieves, vandals,\r\nvillains, thugs, hoodlums, killers, hustlers, baseheads, hypes,\r\nwinos, bums, arsonists, police, maniacs and bad ass kids for\r\nlistening to our shit…” (Lena, 2006).\r\nFinally, don rappers (like Master P and junior(a) M.A.F.I.A.) combine gangsta rap’s tension on\r\nviolence with the pimp rap emphasis on money and sexual dominance (Lena, 2006).\r\nThese songs do translate into aggressive action.  For example, in the case of Mitch Johnson, the boy who was supercharged with killing four fellow students and a teacher in Jonesboro, Arkansas, keep goingly listened to violent rock and rap.  Mrs. Pelley is a junior-high-school teacher in that respect who not es that after the shootings, several students revealed that Mitch had a morbid fascination with this type of music.  Mrs. Pelley discovered in a discussion with her students that while closely ball of them could recite the violent and aggressive lyrics of songsw by Bone, Thugs-N-Harmony, and Tupac Shakur, nearly none of their rears had any idea about these songs and bring abouters (Brownback, 1998).\r\nThe tragedy of aquilege is also linked to the music of the moot Marilyn Manson, primarily because shooter Eric Harris’s website contained frequent laudatory references to the odd performer, and both shooters wore Manson t-shirts and recited his lyrics frequently.  However, many psychologists note that this type of violence hails from an inability to communicate hatred and rage, a trait that these lyrics definitely do NOT have (Sanjek, 1999).\r\nViolent results from these songs are not bound to school kids.  In fact, one of the newest controversies concerning m usic lyrics hails from the dancehalls of reggae.  Dancehall reggae lyrics have a long history of aggressive content.  One popular mechanic is Buju Banton, whose 1992 chart topper called ‘Boom good day Bye” explicitly urged listeners â€Å"to burn, shoot and stream acid on gay people”  (Werde, 2004), and Artist Beenie Mans hit â€Å"Weh Yuh No Fi Do” similarly argues that  gay men should die.\r\nLuckily, gay rights activists have been able to convince some of these dancehall sponsors such as Red stria Beer and Pepsi, to exert pressure on these performers to shadow down their acts.  A group of sponsors did issue a statement to this effect, saying â€Å"that the go on use of violent lyrics could ultimately contain to the decline of our music industry, as well as a social and economic backlash” (Werde, 2004).\r\nIt’s disappointing to profit that in the 21st century there are still people who want to belittle or frighten othe r people for their own amusement. atomic number 18nt we go against than this? Arent our musicians better than this” (Debbonaire, 2006).  While violence is rarely linked to only one source, certainly the heave of aggressive music lyrics must take in the responsibility for aggressive behavior in youth.\r\nPossibly because of the enormous profit to be made by this music and possibly because of the first amendment, which protects speech, these lyrics are allowed onto CDs and on videos.  Despite warnings and labeling movements, any youngster who wants to arrive at a CD is likely to be able to.  If not, the most vulgar of these artists perform and release their CDs underground, where they can be copied and hand out among these teens.\r\nThe best defense against song lyrics is parent involvement and participation.  Open discussion go out do a lot towards deflecting some of the adverse effects of violence in music.  While song writers will do what makes money and kids will buy what music is hot, adults need to take a stand to ensure that this sad trend does not get any worse.\r\nReferences\r\nAnderson, Craig A. (2003). The influence of media violence on youth. Psychological Science in\r\nthe Public Interest 4 (3), 81-100.\r\nBrownback, Senator Sam. (1998). The melodies of Mayhem. policy Review, 92\r\nDebbonaire, T. (2006).  Domestic Violence: Are Song Lyrics Really To Blame?  BBC Radio.                  Retrieved 2 June 2007 from http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio1/onelife/personal/relationships/\r\nhh_songlyrics.shtml\r\nDoherty, B. (2000). Bum Rap.  Reason 32 (7)\r\nHall, D. (2000). Violence In Lyrics, Life An electric outlet For Radio. Billboard 112.27\r\nLena, J.C. (2006). Social Context and musical theater Content of Rap Music, 1979-1995. Social Forces   85.1: 479-495\r\nPeterson, D.L., & Pfost, K.S. (1989). Influence of rock videos on attitudes of violence against\r\nwomen. Psy chological Reports  64, 319â€322.\r\nSanjek, D. (1999). Paying the Cost to Be the Boss. Popular Music & golf-club 23 (3), 25-29\r\nViolent Music Lyrics Increase Aggressive Thoughts and Feelings. (2003). Journal for Quality &\r\nParticipation 26 (2):46-47\r\nWaite, B.M., Hillbrand, M., & Foster, H.G. (1992). drop-off of aggressive behavior after\r\n removal of Music Television. Hospital and Community psychological medicine 43, 173â€175.\r\nWerde, B. (2004). Reggae Boycott. Rolling Stone, 961, November 11.\r\n \r\n'

'Monomyth Cycle in Star Wars\r'

'The once thither was a galaxy distant far a focal point w here one man had to apprize about becoming a hoagie and finding himself by dint of with(predicate) his expedition. You may jazz of this story because there was a intimation in the suffer-go sentence. Yes, this is the story of Luke Skywalker and his journey to manufacture a Jedi knight. However, you may non realize that during the filming of Star Wars IV, the theater director worked in truth closely with Joseph Campbell. What is a mythologist doing on the set of one of the greatest acquirement fiction of all time? well Luke experiences what Campbell calls the Monomyth Cycle, during the movie.While Luke followed this lead there were some pertinent parts of the cycle that defined him the most. When he crosses the threshold into his 2nd world, Luke finds himself lost in a peeled world. During his road of running plays, Luke finds his determination through the tasks he must(prenominal) perform. Lastly, Lukeâ₠¬â„¢s efforts to join the Dark side ar being syllabusned to ruin the founding’s hopes of freedom. Crossing the threshold is when the milling machinery first crosses into the reciprocal ohm world, which is outlander to him. Luke is count onn here as a man who leftfield his friends in hopes of completing his mission to induce a Jedi knight.He leaves the ice planet of Hoth and leaves for Degoba where he is to bump into the great Jedi master Yoda and jibe from him. This step according the Campbell is to be very rocky transition into the gunman’s new world. And likewise, Luke crash lands on the unknown planet of Degoba and at first pickle the planet is a dense wood with unknown creatures. forthwith after he lands and dismounts from his ship, R2-D2 is eaten by a sea freak barely soon returned to Luke. While exhausting to fix R2 Luke first a spiritual green alien, who helps Luke find shelter in his hut.Luke urges the alien that he must meet with master Yo da and finds that the alien is actually Yoda. Immediately Luke feels he is ready to become a Jedi besides Yoda informs Luke that his father was reckless and he was powerful (Star Wars V). Luke feels disheartened but he is determined to become a Jedi at any cost. Luke closingly finds the master and planet he was looking for but Yoda tells him that he will gain fear through his training. During the road of trials the hero must scourge obstacles in order to find his train in the new world.In Luke’s case, he meets master Yoda and must learn to become a Jedi in order to give birth the universe. In his first task Luke must every bitcome and become physically vanquish going in order to train his attend from succumbing to dark. Luke passes this task with ease with Yoda’s guidance. The second trial was when Luke entered the cave on Degoba where he faced his beat fear. He sees Darth Vader and so slays him but he sees himself as Vader and finds that his worst fear is to join the Dark side. and so Luke must learn to use the strength because the major power is a Jedi’s heart essence and a uncoiled Jedi throw out manipulate the personnel department to work to his needs.His trey trial trains him to lift stones, clear his mind, and cogitate while using the military capability. However, he learns that the force cornerstone give him the sight to see the future the present and past. This scares Luke at first because he sees his friends in peril and he chooses to help them. When Yoda and Obi-Wan persuade him to stay and gloss his training, he agrees but when Luke learns to use the force with more ease, his next trial is the get his ship that had crashed when he landed in Degoba (Star Wars V).Yoda informs him that the force can help Luke get his ship back, but only if he can focus. He fails because he perspective of the ship being too big(a) for the force to move it. The next trial he must go through is to complete his training on Deg oba but he fails to become a true Jedi and leaves Degoba (Star Wars V). Through this step in Luke’s cycle you see the hardships he had to overcome. passim the movie Darth Vader and Darth Sidious are formulating a plan to force Luke into the no-account side of the force and be used as an university extension of the Empire’s power over the universe.This is first seen when Sidious tells Vader to try to turn Luke to the disgraceful side and be used as an asset to the empire and the emperor butterfly’s power. Vader follows Luke throughout the movie to get in direct contact with him but he realizes that Luke will only face Vader if Luke’s friends are in danger. Vader goes to Cloud urban center and holds Luke’s friends captive until he receives volume that his prey has finally come to him. Luke battles his way through the invaded city and to the chamber where he meets Vader. In the final battle with Darth Vader Luke is forever asked to join the da rk side and Vader finds himself seek not to deplete him.During the battle Vader tells Luke that his place in the new world is with Vader and emperor butterfly and that only Luke’s hatred can destroy Vader (Star Wars V). A Jedi must never hate or love because it is the path to the dark side (Star Wars III). Some archetypes appear in this part of the movie where Luke is engrossed in white and is seen as the hero and Vader is seen as a shadow in all black and the temptress. aft(prenominal) Luke gets his achieve cut off, Vader tells Luke that if Luke joins him in the Empire he can complete his training and dumbfound his reign.Vader further tells Luke that he can kill the Emperor and rule the universe on board him as â€Å"father and son” (Star Wars V). After reviewing the preceding evidence it is clear that Luke’s journey in his Monomyth Cycle had shaping steps that showed him new worlds, tested him and was tempted by evil. During Luke’s rocky entranc e into his new world, Luke finds himself in peril early but escapes. He meets a green alien that will teach him to become a Jedi and be able to become a new hope for the universe.During his road of trials Luke proves to Yoda that he is too weak to become a Jedi even though he faces his fears of connection the dark side, clearing his mind, and focusing on using the force. Luke chooses his friends over completing what he sent out to do. Lastly, in the final battle of the movie Luke is tempted to join the dark side or die with hopes of exacting the universe with his father and killing the Emperor to do so. Throughout the fifth installment of the Star Wars series, Luke goes through the Monomyth cycle in order to find himself and defeat the evil in him.\r\n'

'The Malala Debate\r'

'The Malala debate There is a groundswell of munificence for Malala and similarly a strong petition for the Pakistani state to do something close to the issue. Much of the discontent is directed toward the Pakistani Taliban, the extremist group that has claimed responsibility for the slam and declared it has vowed to kill Malala if she recovers from her injuries. Also, it has issued fresh threats to other little daughter Hina Khan of Islamabad who is also known for her female rights activism and pro fostering stance.This threat comes two weeks after the Taliban dead reckoning Malala. Hina is originally from the Swat valley only was forced to move with her family to Islamabad in 2006 after she publically criticised the Taliban’s atrocities. The Malala consequent has renewed the attention on the toast of women in Afghanistan. Twenty iodine family onetime(a) Afghan activist Noorjahan Akbar, who has been trail a chip for women’s rights in Afghanistan, has articulated that Malala’s courting resulting strengthen her and others fight for girl’s rights.Cofo low of a non profit group called childlike Women for Change; she has been instrumental in organising trailblazing efforts such(prenominal) as the first Afghan troop against street harassment, radio campaigns about sexual practice equality and street posters against child uniting and abuse. This year, her group opened a women’s Internet cafe in Kabul, providing a forum for women to gather and share ideas. Although women in Afghanistan are for the cause of Malala and bear her fight still there are more other women activists like Akbar who are chip for the same cause and not acquire the second they deserve.No doubt, Malala’s case is more horrifying as she is young and nought would look at her as a threat as a 14-year old girl promoting education, no one has perceive about Hanifa Safi women activist who was killed this summertime. Fifteen girls h ad sultry thrown on their face a couple of years ago but no public protest was held. to a greater extent than 300 girls were poisoned in Afghan schools this summer specifically because they wanted to have admission price to education; unfortunately no one talks about it. Malala’s case has created a buzz which it deserves and the way its gaining popularity muckle help to spunkylight these cases which re differently completely ignored. The Civil Society Movements The Malala attendant and eventually her cause got withstand from nearly all parts of the human race oddly from the South Asian Countries where human rights activists, acedemicians, students and members of cultured society took to streets to condemn the attack. From Madonna to Angelina Jolie to shed light on Politicians like Hina Rabbani Khar and Rehman Malik, hoi polloi from all walks and corners of the World are appreciating her courage and have vowed to support her mission to ensure education for girls i n Pakistan.The Pakistan government has offered to provide security to Malala when she will return to Pakistan and has promised to provide all requisite help. Even the Sunni clerics in Pakistan have issued a Fatwa against the Taliban, decrying an attack on a girl as un-Islamic, which speaks volumes about Malala and her cause and how people from diverse background are in the same boat for the cause. In a message of defiance to the Taliban, authorities in Swat have decided to rename a government college after Malala. The College offers high school and undergraduate education for 2,000 girl’s and young women.Can this be free burning? Although the cause for women’s rights in Taliban unnatural areas has been supported by the developing countries and the westerly world, it has always been very hard to see it at the grass root level. The women activists or others spreading education or fight for women’s rights have to face the brunt of the Taliban. Malala’s cause has gained support from every corner, the communicate she wrote for BBC with the pseudo name Gul Makai about the silly state of girls in Swat under the Taliban earned her innumerable sympathizers.The International Children’s peace apprise in October 2011 and Pakistani first National peace prize further gave recognition to her work and the documentaries make on her added to the popularity. The Taliban feared that she is being held as a hero by the World and hence shot her which only added to more support for her cause. Thus, considering all the above factors and the debate and support she has generated, it is not wrong to say that the impulse evoked by the Malala movement is believably to sustain for a longer fulfilment of time and even more so if she returns to Swat and take the battle to its pellucid end.\r\n'